Erwin-Riesch Workshop System Analysis of Biological Processes
نویسنده
چکیده
U s i n g a mode l f o r t h e e v o l u t i o n o f f i t n e s s , we s h o w how C o m p u t e r S i m u l a t i on c a n be u s e d to e x a m i n e w h e t h e r a t h e o r e t i c a l mode l c a n be t e s t e d b y e x p e r i m e n t a l d a t a . A m a x i m u m l i k e l i h o o d f i t o n s i m u l a t e d m e a s u r e m e n t s was a b l e to s e p a r a t e t h e p a r a m e t e r s . S u c h m e a s u r e m e n t s c a n be m a d e in a r e a l i s t i c e x p e r i m e n t a l s e t u p . T h e r e f o r e , t h e c o n c e p t a n d t h e p r e d i c t i o n s o f t h e mode l c a n be e x p e r i m e n t a l l y t e s t e d . Z u s a m m e n f a s s u n g A n dem B e i s p i e l e i n e s n e u e n F i t n e s s k o n z e p t s , wo d e r V e r l a u f d e r F i t n e s s f u n k t i o n s e l b s t d e r E v o l u t i o n u n t e r w o r f e n i s t , w i r d g e z e i g t , w i e C o m p u t e r S i m u l a t i o n h i l f r e i c h s e i n k a n n , um d i e T e s t b a r k e i t v o n M o d e l l V o r s t e l l u n g e n z u u n t e r s u c h e n . In d i e s e m M o d e l l k o n z e p t mi t q u a n t i t a t i v g e n e t i s c h e n A n s ä t z e n w a r es u n g e w i ß , o b d i e w e s e n t l i c h e n M o d e l l p a r a m e t e r ü b e r h a u p t a u s e x p e r i m e n t e l l e n D a t e n b e s t i m m b a r s i n d . M i t e i n e m M a x i m u m L i k e l i h o o d V e r f a h r e n g e l i n g t e s , d i e s e M o d e l l p a r a m e t e r z u s e p a r i e r e n . S i m u l i e r t e M e s s u n g e n d e m o n s t r i e r e n , d a ß d e r d a z u n o t w e n d i g e M e ß a u f w a n d in r e a l i s i e r b a r e m R a h m e n b l e i b t . D a m i t e r w e i s e n s i c h d i e g r u n d l e g e n d e n M o d e l l v o r s t e l l u n g e n u n d M o d e l l v o r h e r s a g e n a l s e x p e r i m e n t e l l t e s t b a r . 1. I n t r o d u c t i o n T h e a s s u m p t i o n s u n d e r l y i n g m a n y m a t h e m a t i c a l m o d e l s in b i o l o g y a r e s u c h s i m p l i f i c a t i o n s o f r e a l i t y t h a t t h e m o d e l s c a n n o t be t e s t e d b y e m p i r i c a l d a t a . N e v e r t h e l e s s , s u c h m o d e l s do c l e a r i f y i d e a s a n d e n a b l e p r e c i s e d e f i n i t i o n s , as we l l as p r o m o t i n g a q u a l i t a t i v e u n d e r s t a n d i n g n e c e s s a r y f o r t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f new c o n c e p t s . R e a l i s t i c m o d e l s in b i o l o g y , h o w e v e r , r e q u i r e a s e t o f t e s t a b l e p r e d i c t i o n s . C r u c i a l e x p e r i m e n t s o r o b s e r v a t i o n s s h o u l d be a b l e to f a l s i f y a mode l o r to s u g g e s t u s e f u l m o d i f i c a t i o n s . F o r t h a t p u r p o s e a b i o l o g i c a l I n t e r p r e t a t i o n o f a l l mode l p a r a m e t e r s is r e q u i r e d . l f t h e s e p a r a m e t e r s a r e no t d i r e c t l y m e a s u r a b l e , a d e s c r i p t i o n o f a r e a l i s t i c exper imental s e t u p a n d o f a Stat ist ical p r o c e d u r e to ex t rac t t h e parameters f r o m d a t a a r e n e c e s s a r y to a c h i e v e c r e d i t i b i l i t y w i t h e x p e r i m e n t e r s .
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